All quotations from the poem are taken from Isaías Lerner's edition except where otherwise indicated, which follows the 1597 three-part volume, and are designated by canto and stanza number.

This latter explanation appears only after the 1578 edition of the poem -but it also seems to be implied in the description of Caupolicán, and the ironic slippage between the literal and metaphorical significance of the «pesada carga» resting on the Atlantan shoulders of the elected leader.

I quote directly from the 1569 Cossin edition (p. 274) here and in the subsequent quotation because of the significant modifications in wording made to these stanzas in subsequent editions, although I modernize the orthography.