101
In support of the possibility that Cervantes had a «moderate» attitude toward this minority, Márquez Villanueva (1975) remarks that no one in the Quijote uses the traditional epithets against moriscos (although there are various slurs against moros). Ellen Anderson has been doing a great deal of interesting work in this area lately. (N. from the A.)
102
When Zoraida (I, 40, 490) denounces all moros as «marfuces», in contrast, it is in the context of one about to leave the group (and join that of Ricote, incidentally), rather than one seeking to be considered an exception to the majority. (N. from the A.)
103
We will remember that Ana Félix will remain with her father in Barcelona, while Don Antonio tries to arrange permission for her to stay in Spain and her lover goes off to visit his parents (II, 65, 540). Márquez Villanueva also reminds us that Cervantes in his old age was not fond of haply endings (335). (N. from the A.)
104
Perhaps the distinction between the cases of the renegade
and of the
moriscos may be found in the
reference to the former as a «miembro
podrido»
who became «limpio y sano»
through
«penitencia y
arrepentimiento»
(II, 65, 539), while
Ricote's apparent use of the same metaphor calls the entire
cuerpo rotten:
«todo el cuerpo de nuestra nación
está contaminado y podrido»
(II, 65,
540). In contrast, in
Guzmán de Alfarache we will
remember the vast doubt Guzmán casts upon the sincerity of his renegade
father, who converted easily from Christianity to Islam and back again as it
suited his financial advantage. See Whitenack (1985), Ch. 2. (N. from the
A.)
105
For more on Cervantes vis à vis marranos as well as moriscos, see Canavaggio, Eisenberg (1987), and Márquez Villanueva. (N. from the A.)
106
Good places to start for commentaries on Dulcinea are Edwin Williamson, 128-31, 171-5, and Arthur Efron. (N. from the A.)
107
Important recent studies on the problem of women and Don Quijote (and Cervantes) are those of Combet, Johnson, Rossi, and El Saffar (1989 and 1984). Also consult Efron, especially Ch. 2. (N. from the A.)
108
Much could be said about the role of women in Beatriz Bernal's Cristalián de España (1545). See Sidney Park's introduction. (N. from the A.)
109
Several chivalric romances feature Amazon or «woman warrior» types who despite their physical strength and military prowess are rarely important in more than one or two episodes in the plot. An exception would be the Minerva character in Cristalián, about which see Sidney Park's introduction to his edition. (N. from the A.)
110
Ruth El Saffar (1989) sees this pattern (in which «the male aspirant is given power through the woman») in several chivalric episodes recounted in the Quijote but does not mention the connection with the chivalric romances. (N. from the A.)